Грамматика. Сокращенные формы отрицаний

 Сокращенные формы отрицаний:

                        is not = isn't

The dog is not black.= The dog isn't black.

            cannot  = can't

Frogs cannot run.= Frogs can't run.

            have not got = haven't got

I have not got a brother.= I haven't got a brother.

            has not got = hasn't got

Tom has not got a dog. =  Tom hasn't got a dog.